Alexandr Emiliewich Würgler (1901-1943)
Alexandr Emiliewich Würgler (1901-1943)
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Alexandr Würgler was born in Yekaterinoslav (now Dnepropetrovsk) in the family of a Swiss industrialist Emil Yakovlevich Würgler. The Revolution of 1917 forced the Würglers to leave Russia. Since 1920, Alexandr Würgler lived with his family in Switzerland and received a secondary education. Eight years later, he graduated from the Russian Commercial Institute in Berlin.
In the early 30s, he moved to Warsaw, where he became a member of the NTS. At the same time Würgler was a member of the Union of Russian Writers and Journalists in Poland. Soon he founded and headed the Polish department of the NTS. He became one of the NTS leading figures and remained a member of the NTS Council (the NTS ruling body) until his death. By the end of the 1930s, Alexandr Würgler established contacts with Polish General Staff and military intelligence officers in order to send NTS agents across the Polish border to the USSR territory.
After the fall of Poland in September 1939, Würgler, together with the Russian Committee in Warsaw, illegally transferred members of the NTS to the occupied territories of the USSR under the guise of refugees. Würgler actively collaborated with the German army. He was an active Abwehr functionary, where he headed the Second Department (Propaganda Department) of the “Sonderstab R” (1942–1943). He helped the underground NTS groups (including the Rutchenko group) to conduct activities on the occupied Soviet territories and created retreat routes for them to escape.¹
At the same time, Alexandr Würgler maintained contacts with the Armia Krajowa (AK). Moreover, According to Rutchenko’s memoirs, Würgler wanted to establish channels for cooperation with the British and American intelligence services. However, the Gestapo and Abwehr revealed in April 1943 the Würgler’s connections with the AK. The Germans accused Würgler of participating in the conspiracy. In the afternoon on December 23, 1943, Alexandr Würgler was killed in Warsaw with two shots to the back of the head.²
In the early 30s, he moved to Warsaw, where he became a member of the NTS. At the same time Würgler was a member of the Union of Russian Writers and Journalists in Poland. Soon he founded and headed the Polish department of the NTS. He became one of the NTS leading figures and remained a member of the NTS Council (the NTS ruling body) until his death. By the end of the 1930s, Alexandr Würgler established contacts with Polish General Staff and military intelligence officers in order to send NTS agents across the Polish border to the USSR territory.
After the fall of Poland in September 1939, Würgler, together with the Russian Committee in Warsaw, illegally transferred members of the NTS to the occupied territories of the USSR under the guise of refugees. Würgler actively collaborated with the German army. He was an active Abwehr functionary, where he headed the Second Department (Propaganda Department) of the “Sonderstab R” (1942–1943). He helped the underground NTS groups (including the Rutchenko group) to conduct activities on the occupied Soviet territories and created retreat routes for them to escape.¹
At the same time, Alexandr Würgler maintained contacts with the Armia Krajowa (AK). Moreover, According to Rutchenko’s memoirs, Würgler wanted to establish channels for cooperation with the British and American intelligence services. However, the Gestapo and Abwehr revealed in April 1943 the Würgler’s connections with the AK. The Germans accused Würgler of participating in the conspiracy. In the afternoon on December 23, 1943, Alexandr Würgler was killed in Warsaw with two shots to the back of the head.²
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[1] Rutchenko-Rutych, Nikolai. Sred’ zemnykh trevog: Vospominaniya. Moskva: Russkiy put’/ RITS “Sobraniye”, 2012.
[2] Rutchenko-Rutych, Nikolai. Sred’ zemnykh trevog: Vospominaniya. Moskva: Russkiy put’/ RITS “Sobraniye”, 2012.
[3] Chuyev, Sergey. Proklyatyye soldaty. Predateli na storone III reykha . Moskva: Eksmo, 2004.
